Allergen tests are a key tool in the diagnosis of allergies and are used to identify substances that cause allergic reactions in the body. Allergies occur when the immune system overreacts to substances, known as allergens, that do not usually cause problems for other people. Common allergens include pollen, dust, mites, food, medicines, flies and animals.

There are several types of allergen tests used to detect the allergic reaction. The most common methods are the skin test and blood tests. In the skin test, small amounts of allergens are placed on the skin, and then a light puncture or scratch is made. If the patient is allergic to any of the allergens, a local reaction, such as redness or itching, will occur.

The blood test analyses the blood to detect IgE antibodies, which the body produces in response to allergens. This method is usually used when a skin test is not possible or when a more accurate diagnosis is required.

The correct diagnosis of allergies with the help of allergen tests allows the assessment of the cause of allergic reactions and the prescription of appropriate treatment. The results of the tests help to better manage allergies, allowing patients to avoid allergens and implement prevention and treatment strategies such as antihistamines or immunotherapy.