Sperm Diagram - Sperm Fragmentation
A spermogram is the most basic fertility test for men. The main and decisive parameters examined are the number and concentration of spermatozoa, their morphology and motility, which is considered a catalyst for the fertilization of the egg. This examination includes microscopic data such as the presence of spermatozoa (porous forms of spermatozoa), pyospheres, and spermatozoa aggregation by grade: first, second or third. The macroscopic part of the examination includes ph, haemoglobin, fluidity time, sperm volume from which we calculate the total number, and sliminess.
The presence of a high degree of adhesions, low rapid propulsive movement and low sperm count make conception difficult as well as the presence of pyospheres which is indicative of infection. When infection is suspected it is appropriate to culture for common pathogens as well as ureoplasma, mycoplasma and chlamydia. In this case the man should be referred to the urologist where he will receive the correct treatment and instructions for improving fertility.
Preparation for the test involves abstinence for 2 to 5 days and immediate transport to the laboratory in a classic urobox such as the urine box, especially in the winter months as the sample is affected by low temperatures.
Sperm fragmentation
Sperm fragmentation involves testing the DNA of the sperm cells, essentially examining the damage to the DNA helices. High rates of fragmentation lead to male infertility and are directly linked to miscarriages after IVF and to failure to conceive in the couple. The main cause of this damage is oxidative stress that accumulates in the body from various factors such as: diet smoking, varicocele, infections and others.
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